Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a 31,533-acre (12,761 ha) National Wildlife Refuge located in the northeastern region of the U.S. state of Montana.[3] The refuge is part of the Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge Complex which also includes the Northeast Montana Wetland Management District (WMD) and Lamesteer National Wildlife Refuge.[4] Medicine Lake is from the Assiniboine description of the lake, "Bda wauka" (medicine water).[5] The refuge was established in 1935 to protect habitat for various wildlife and especially migratory birds.[4] The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior.