Buckman Tavern
42.449356°N 71.230022°W

6/24/2012 5:20:34 PM

Sign in front of Buckman Tavern
42.449356°N 71.230022°W

6/24/2012 5:20:26 PM

Sign on the side of Buckman Tavern
42.449217°N 71.229858°W

6/24/2012 5:22:55 PM

Buckman Tavern was built in 1690. It became a favorite respite for the militia training on Lexington Common (also known as Lexington Green) in preparation for any action required against the British. When Paul Revere brought word of the British coming, many men gathered in the tavern to await their arrival. Captain Parker was in command on the morning of April 19, 1775, when the British arrived. The men left the tavern and formed up on Lexington Common into two ranks. The first shot of the Revolutionary War was fired and the skirmish that followed killed eight militia and wounded ten others. Only one British soldier was wounded.

On April 18, 1775, General Thomas Gage sent Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith with about 700 regulars from Boston to confiscate guns and ammunition rumored to be in Concord. The Revolutionary War began at Lexington on April 19th, 1775, when a small skirmish broke out between patriots and Colonel Smith’s men. Smith continued to move on toward Concord where they located a few cannon buried by the Colonial Army.

Colonel James Barrett commander of the Colonial Army with only 250 men surrendered the town of Concord to the approaching British and set up defenses outside of town on hills to the west of North Bridge. Smith ordered Captain Parsons to secure North Bridge while other British regulars searched the town. By the time the bridge was secured, Minutemen from around the countryside were swarming into the ranks of the Colonial Army after word spread of the fighting. There were more than 400 of them at North Bridge by the time the first shots were fired. The British decided to retreat back to Boston.

Near Meriam's Corner (named after the nearby Miriam home), the ranks of the Minutemen had swelled to more than 1,000 as news of the Lexington and North Bridge engagements spread. Fighting at Meriam’s Corner resulted in 2 British regulars killed and 6 more wounded. When the British had retreated to a point now referred to as Bloody Angel, they met more than 200 Minutemen from Bedford and Lincoln well hidden behind trees and walls along the road. They caught the British in a classic crossfire killing about 30 British soldiers while losing only 4 Minutemen. The British soldiers broke into a fast jog and escaped because the Colonials could not keep up in the swamps and brush. There were additional skirmishes all along the route back toward Boston.

By this time, Gage received messages that his troops were under attack and sent more than a 1,000 regulars under the command of Earl Percy in support of Smith. Once Percy reached Smith’s men around Lexington he assumed command and marched back to Cambridge under continued harassment from Colonials. Meanwhile, Brigadier General William Heath arrived to take charge of the Colonial Army and instructed his men to attack from concealed positions and not engage directly.

Buckman Tavern

Buckman Tavern is a historic American Revolutionary War site associated with the revolution's very first battle, the Battle of Lexington and Concord. It is located on the Battle Green in Lexington, Massachusetts and operated as a museum by the Lexington Historical Society.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckman Tavern
• McCullough, D., 2006, 1776: Simon and Schuster, 400p.