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Hohensalzburg Castle to the right on the hill.
View of Salzburg from Hohensalzburg Castle with tourists taking in the view.
One of Europe’s largest castles from the medieval period is the Hohensalzburg Castle in Salzburg Austria.
Archbishop Von Helfenstein initiated the construction of the castle in 1077 which started out as a mote and bailey castle with a wooden protective wall. With continual expansion the castle grew and changed in the following centuries. The ring walls and towers were built in 1462. During Prince- Archbishop Leonhard Von Keutschach’s term from 1495 to 1519 a cable railway was installed to transport freight up to the castle. This is likely the oldest railway in the world.
The only known incident where the castle came under siege was in 1525 during the German Peasants’ War. The towns’ people tried to take the castle and over throw Prince-Archbishop Mathaus Lang. The peasants, however, were unsuccessful. Later in 1800 the last Prince-Archbishop Count Hieronymus von Colloredo was ousted and escaped to Vienna during the Napoleonic War of the Second Coalition, thus surrendering without a fight. Over the years up to the mid nineteenth century, the castle was used as a barracks and dungeon. It was also used as a prison for Italian prisoners during World War I and for Nazi activists in the 1930s.
Today Hohensalzburg Castle as well as the cable railway is open to tourists. It is considered one of Europe’s most well preserved castles and one of Austria’s most popular tourist destinations.
Hohensalzburg Castle (German: Festung Hohensalzburg, literally "High Salzburg Fortress") is a castle in the Austrian city of Salzburg, atop the Festungsberg mountain. Erected at the behest of the Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg, it today with a length of 250 m (820 ft) and a width of 150 m (490 ft), is one of the largest medieval castles in Europe.
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